Halloween may be great for bringing us lots of sweets - but these treats could pose significant health risks, and it's nothing to do with sugar content. Mixing certain sweets with specific medications could spark unexpected reactions.

万圣节或许能让我们收获大量糖果，但这些零食可能带来严重的健康风险， 而且这与糖分含量无关。 某些糖果与特定药物混合服用可能会引发意外反应。

Kiran Jones, a Clinical Pharmacist at Oxford Online Pharmacy, has shed light on people with specific conditions who could be affected. And the risk could come from exacerbating side effects to counteracting the medication's purpose.

牛津在线药房的临床药剂师基兰·琼斯揭示了哪些患有特定疾病的人群可能会受到影响。 这种风险可能表现为加剧药物副作用，或是抵消药物的治疗目的。

Below we look at eight common conditions he highlights. And for some, foods containing aspartame - which is often used as a sugar substitute in food and drink - are one thing in particular to avoid.

下面我们来看看他重点强调的八种常见病症。 对于其中一些病症患者而言，含有阿斯巴甜（常被用作食品和饮料中的糖替代品）的食物尤其需要避免。

Depression, anxiety and Parkinson's medications

抑郁症、焦虑症和帕金森病药物

Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame can influence the neurotransmitters that Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors target. These medications are typically used to treat depression, anxiety and Parkinson's disease and inhibit the breakdown of neurotransmitters.

阿斯巴甜等人工甜味剂会影响单胺氧化酶抑制剂所针对的神经递质。 这些药物通常用于治疗抑郁症、焦虑症和帕金森病，能够抑制神经递质的分解。

Pairing these medications with aspartame can lead to an excessive accumulation of neurotransmitters, resulting in side effects like hypertension, headaches, anxiety and insomnia. The pharmacist cautioned: "For those taking these medications, it's crucial to avoid or limit foods containing aspartame to prevent these potentially dangerous interactions."

将这些药物与阿斯巴甜一同服用，可能会导致神经递质过度积累，从而引发高血压、 头痛、焦虑和失眠等副作用。 药剂师警告说：“对于正在服用这些药物的患者而言， 避免或限制食用含有阿斯巴甜的食物至关重要，以防止这些可能危险的相互作用。”

Aspartame and similar artificial sweeteners are commonly found in sugar-free goodies and items like ice cream, jellies, cereals and fizzy drinks.

阿斯巴甜和类似的人工甜味剂常见于无糖食品和冰淇淋、果冻、谷物以及碳酸饮料等食品中。

ADHD, anti-anxiety and blood pressure medications

多动症、抗焦虑和降压药物

These can be significantly impacted by caffeine - often found in sweets. This stimulant can intensify the effects of drugs like Adderrall while simultaneously undermining the calming influence of SSRIs.

这些药物可能受到糖果中常见的咖啡因的显著影响。 这种兴奋剂可能会增强像阿德拉尔等药物的效果，同时削弱选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的镇静作用。

Moreover, it can negate the benefits of blood pressure medication such as beta-blockers by raising heart rate and blood pressure. This could lead to unpleasant side effects like heart palpitations, insomnia, anxiety, elevated cortisol levels and even heighten the risk of serious complications like strokes or heart attacks.

此外，咖啡因还可能通过提高心率和血压来抵消降压药物（如β受体阻滞剂）的益处。 这可能会导致心跳加速、失眠、焦虑、 皮质醇水平升高以及中风或心脏病发作等严重并发症风险增加等不良反应。

The main Halloween treats that contain caffeine are chocolate-based sweets or coffee-flavoured candies.

万圣节主要含有咖啡因的糖果是巧克力类糖果或咖啡味糖果。

Heart medications

心脏药物

Those on blood pressure, diuretics and antiarrhythmics medications should be cautious of glycyrrhizin, a chemical found in liquorice sweets. This substance can cause the body to lose potassium and retain sodium, leading to increased water retention and higher blood pressure.

服用降压药、利尿剂和抗心律失常药物的患者应警惕甘草糖中的甘草酸成分。 这种物质会导致身体钾流失和钠潴留，进而导致水分潴留和血压升高。

This directly undermines the effects of blood pressure medications, potentially resulting in uncontrolled hypertension even in small amounts if consumed regularly. It can also worsen heart rhythm issues.

这直接削弱了降压药物的效果， 即使少量食用也可能导致血压无法控制。 它还可能加剧心律失常问题。

Allergy medications

抗过敏药物

People who rely on antihistamines to manage allergies may need to exercise caution around sweets with food colouring like M&Ms and Skittles. The dyes in these sweets can stimulate the release of histamines, the very substance that antihistamines aim to block.

依赖抗组胺药控制过敏症状的患者，在食用含有食用色素的糖果（如M&Ms和彩虹糖）时需要格外小心。 这些糖果中的色素会刺激组胺释放，而抗组胺药正是为了阻断组胺而设计的。

This can hinder the effectiveness of the medication, diminishing its impact. Additionally, some people may have a sensitivity to these artificial food colourings, which could provoke allergic reactions such as hives, itching and swelling.

这可能会阻碍药物发挥作用，降低其效果。 此外，有些人可能对这些人工食用色素敏感，可能引发荨麻疹、 瘙痒和肿胀等过敏反应。