Wall Street is concerned about the health of the nation's regional banks, after a few of them wrote off bad loans to commercial customers in the last two weeks and caused investors to wonder if there might be more bad news to come.

华尔街正密切关注美国区域性银行的健康状况， 因近期多家银行披露商业贷款坏账核销，引发投资者对潜在更多风险的担忧。

Zions Bank, Western Alliance Bank and the investment bank Jefferies surprised investors by disclosing various bad investments on their books, sending their stocks falling sharply this week. JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon added to the unease when he warned there might be more problems to come for banks with potentially bad loans.

过去两周，Zions银行、西盟银行及投资银行杰富瑞意外披露其资产负债表存在不良投资， 导致三家机构股价本周大幅下挫。 摩根大通首席执行官杰米·戴蒙更添市场不安情绪，他警告称，存在不良贷款的银行可能面临更多问题。

"When you see one cockroach, there are probably more," Dimon told investors and reporters on Tuesday, when JPMorgan reported its results.

“当你看到一只蟑螂时，往往意味着还有更多。”戴蒙在周二财报发布时对投资者和媒体表示。

The KBW Bank Index, a basket of banks tracked by investors, is down 7% this month.

追踪银行股的KBW银行指数本月已下跌7%。

There were other signs of distress. Data from the Federal Reserve shows that banks tapped the central bank's overnight "repo" facilities for the second night in a row, an action banks have not needed to take since the Covid-19 pandemic. This facility allows banks to convert highly liquid securities like mortgage bonds and treasuries into cash to help fund their short-term cash shortfalls.

市场压力信号频现： 美联储数据显示，银行已连续两晚动用中央银行的隔夜回购融资工具， 这是自新冠疫情以来首次重启该机制。 该工具允许银行将高流动性证券（如抵押贷款债券和国债）转换为现金，以缓解短期资金缺口。

Zions Bancorp shares sank Thursday after the bank wrote off $50 million in commercial and industrial loans, while Western Alliance fell after the bank alleged it had been defrauded by an entity known as Cantor Group V LLC. This came on top of news from Jefferies, which told investors it was might experience millions of dollars in losses from its business with bankrupt auto parts company First Brands.

具体案例方面，Zions Bancorp股价周四暴跌，因该行核销了5000万美元的商业及工业贷款； 西盟银行则因指控Cantor Group V LLC实施欺诈而股价下挫。 杰富瑞此前披露， 因与破产汽车零部件公司First Brands的业务往来，可能面临数千万美元损失。

All three stocks recovered a bit Friday. Jefferies' CEO told investors that the company believes it was defrauded by First Brands and there were no broader concerns in the lending market.

周五三家银行股价均小幅回升， 杰富瑞首席执行官表示，公司认为被First Brands欺诈，且未发现信贷市场存在系统性风险。

The last banking flare up, in 2023, also involved mid-sized and regional banks that were overly exposed to low-interest loans and commercial real estate. The crisis caused Silicon Valley Bank to fail, followed by Signature Bank, and led to the eventual sale of First Republic Bank to JPMorgan Chase in a fire sale. Other banks like Zions and Western Alliance ended up seeing their stocks plummet during that time period.

此次风波让人联想起2023年银行业危机， 当时多家中型区域银行因过度暴露于低利率贷款和商业地产而陷入困境， 导致硅谷银行、Signature银行倒闭， 第一共和银行最终被摩根大通“火速收购”。 Zions和西盟银行等机构在2023年危机中股价暴跌，

While banks do fail or get bought at fire sale prices, all bank deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, up to $250,000 per account, in case of a bank failure. In the nearly 100 years since the FDIC was created in 1933, not one depositor has lost their insured funds.

尽管银行可能倒闭或以极低价被收购，但所有银行存款均由联邦存款保险公司承保， 每账户最高保额为25万美元，以应对银行倒闭风险。 自1933年FDIC成立以来，从未有储户损失受保资金。

Still, even the larger banks aren't immune in this latest round of trouble. Several Wall Street banks disclosed losses this week in the bankruptcy of Tricolor, a subprime auto dealership company that collapsed last month. Fifth Third Bank, a larger regional bank, recorded a $178 million loss from Tricolor's bankruptcy.

然而，本轮动荡已波及大型机构， 多家华尔街银行因汽车经销商Tricolor破产而蒙受损失， 其中区域性银行第五三银行记录了1.78亿美元相关亏损。

That said, the big banks believe that any losses will be manageable and do not reflect the broader economy.

不过，大型银行普遍认为损失可控且不反映经济整体状况。

"There is no deterioration, we're very confident with our credit portfolio," Deutsche Bank CEO Christian Sewing said, in an interview on Bloomberg Television on Friday.

德意志银行首席执行官克里斯蒂安·索英表示：“我们的信贷组合没有恶化迹象，对此我们充满信心。” 他周五在彭博电视采访中说道。

While the big Wall Street banks get most of the media and investor attention, regional banks are a major part of the economy, lending to small-to-medium sized businesses and acting as major lenders for commercial real estate developers. There are more than 120 banks with between $10 billion and $200 billion in assets, according to the FDIC.

尽管大型银行占据媒体头条，但区域性银行实为经济重要支柱。 它们向中小企业提供贷款，并是商业地产开发商的主要融资渠道。 据FDIC数据，美国拥有超120家资产规模在100亿至2000亿美元的银行。

While big, these banks can run into trouble because their businesses are not as diverse as the Wall Street money center banks. They're often more exposed to real estate and industrial loans, and don't have significant businesses in credit cards and payment processing that can be revenue generators when lending goes south.

尽管这些银行规模庞大，但由于其业务不如华尔街金融中心银行那样多元化，它们仍可能陷入困境。 更易受房地产和工业贷款风险冲击， 并且这些银行在信用卡业务和支付处理领域没有显著的业务布局，而在贷款业务不景气时，这些领域本可以成为重要的收入来源。